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oxidative neurotoxicity

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By Targets:	Amyloid-β (1) Apoptosis (5) Autophagy (1) Beta-secretase (1) Caspase (1) Cholinesterase (ChE) (1) COX (1) Endogenous Metabolite (3) Interleukin Related (1) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (1) NO Synthase (1) p38 MAPK (1) Prostaglandin Receptor (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (1) Cardiovascular Disease (2) Endocrinology (1) Inflammation/Immunology (2) Neurological Disease (11)

11

Inhibitors & Agonists

5

Natural
Products

1

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Targets Recommended: Oxidative Phosphorylation

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

4-Hydroxyestrone 4-OHE1	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
4-Hydroxyestrone (4-OHE1), an estrone metabolite, has strong neuroprotective effect against oxidative neurotoxicity. 4-Hydroxyestrone increases cytoplasmic translocation of p53 resulting from SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53. 4-Hydroxyestrone has little estrogenic activity .

Fenobucarb	Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
Fenobucarb is a carbamate insecticide. Fenobucarb induces zebrafish developmental neurotoxicity through pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, degeneration and apoptosis. Fenobucarb is a possible risk factor to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems in animals .

Ethyl ferulate 1 Publications Verification	Reactive Oxygen Species	Neurological Disease
Ethyl ferulate, a naturally lipophilic derivative of ferulic acid originally derived from Rhizoma Chuanxiong, induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and protects rat neurons against oxidative stress . Ethyl ferulate also protects neurons against amyloid β peptide (1-42)-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity .

Fenobucarb-d3	Apoptosis	Neurological Disease
Fenobucarb-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Fenobucarb. Fenobucarb is a carbamate insecticide. Fenobucarb induces zebrafish developmental neurotoxicity through pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, degeneration and apoptosis[1].

Paeonilactone B (+)-Paeonilactone B	Others	Neurological Disease
Paeonilactone B is a monoterpene with neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress. Paeonilactone B protects rat cortical cells against H₂O₂-induced neurotoxicity .

Memoquin	Cholinesterase (ChE) Beta-secretase Amyloid-β	Neurological Disease
Memoquin is an anti-amyloid and anti-oxidant multi-target-directed ligand. Memoquin is an orally active inhibitor of BACE-1 and AChE with IC₅₀ values of 108 and 1.55 nM, respectively. Memoquin is a cognitive enhancer that prevents the Aβ-induced neurotoxicity mediated by oxidative stress. Memoquin can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) .

ARN14494	Apoptosis NO Synthase Interleukin Related COX	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
ARN14494 is a potent and selective serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 27.3 nM. ARN14494 affects the CNS in terms of anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. ARN14494 protects neurons from β-amyloid 1-42-induced neurotoxicity through a variety of mechanisms, including anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inflammation. ARN14494 can be used for Alzheimer’s disease research .

LY231617	Others	Neurological Disease
LY231617 is a potent and blood-brain barrier penetrable antioxidant. LY231617 is a neuroprotective agent in brain, it can be used for the research of nervous disease .

Madecassoside Asiaticoside A	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Autophagy Keap1-Nrf2 p38 MAPK Caspase	Cardiovascular Disease Others Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
Madecassoside is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica and has anti-inflammatory properties. Antioxidant and anti-aging effects. Madecassoside is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica. Madecassoside is orally active and has inhibitory properties against inflammation, oxidation, apoptosis and autophagy. Madecassosid inhibits activities of p38 MAPK and NF-kB ^[5][6], exhibits an anti-apopototic property, activates Nrf2 expression to reduce the neurotoxicity . Madecassoside can be used in endocrine diseases, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases and other diseases.

Prostaglandin J2 PGJ2	Prostaglandin Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
Prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2), an endogenous metabolite of Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2; HY-101988), is a potent PGD2 receptor (DP) agonist with K_is of 0.9 nM and 6.6 nM for hDP and hCRTH2, respectively. Prostaglandin J2 stimulates intracellular cyclic AMP production with an EC₅₀ value of 1.2 nM. Prostaglandin J2 induces oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. Prostaglandin J2 induces the accumulation/aggregation of ubiquitinated (Ub) proteins. Prostaglandin J2 is highly neurotoxic and potentially contributes to many neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) .

Idebenone 3 Publications Verification	Mitochondrial Metabolism Apoptosis	Neurological Disease
Idebenone, a well-appreciated mitochondrial protectant, exhibits protective efficacy against neurotoxicity and can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease. Idebenone (oxidised form) has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the enzymatic metabolism of arachidonic acid in astroglial homogenates (IC₅₀=16.65 μM) . Idebenone, a coenzyme Q10 analog and an antioxidant, induces apoptotic cell death in the human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells . Idebenone quickly crosses the blood-brain barrier.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

4-Hydroxyestrone 4-OHE1	Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Animals Source classification Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
4-Hydroxyestrone (4-OHE1), an estrone metabolite, has strong neuroprotective effect against oxidative neurotoxicity. 4-Hydroxyestrone increases cytoplasmic translocation of p53 resulting from SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53. 4-Hydroxyestrone has little estrogenic activity .

Ethyl ferulate 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Monophenols Simple Phenylpropanols Source classification Phenols Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis Phenylpropanoids Plants Umbelliferae	Reactive Oxygen Species
Ethyl ferulate, a naturally lipophilic derivative of ferulic acid originally derived from Rhizoma Chuanxiong, induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and protects rat neurons against oxidative stress . Ethyl ferulate also protects neurons against amyloid β peptide (1-42)-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity .

Madecassoside Asiaticoside A	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Other Diseases Plants Umbelliferae Vitex trifolia L. Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Autophagy Keap1-Nrf2 p38 MAPK Caspase
Madecassoside is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica and has anti-inflammatory properties. Antioxidant and anti-aging effects. Madecassoside is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica. Madecassoside is orally active and has inhibitory properties against inflammation, oxidation, apoptosis and autophagy. Madecassosid inhibits activities of p38 MAPK and NF-kB ^[5][6], exhibits an anti-apopototic property, activates Nrf2 expression to reduce the neurotoxicity . Madecassoside can be used in endocrine diseases, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases and other diseases.

Paeonilactone B (+)-Paeonilactone B	Structural Classification Natural Products Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Source classification Plants Paeoniaceae	Others
Paeonilactone B is a monoterpene with neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress. Paeonilactone B protects rat cortical cells against H₂O₂-induced neurotoxicity .

Prostaglandin J2 PGJ2	Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Prostaglandin Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
Prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2), an endogenous metabolite of Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2; HY-101988), is a potent PGD2 receptor (DP) agonist with K_is of 0.9 nM and 6.6 nM for hDP and hCRTH2, respectively. Prostaglandin J2 stimulates intracellular cyclic AMP production with an EC₅₀ value of 1.2 nM. Prostaglandin J2 induces oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. Prostaglandin J2 induces the accumulation/aggregation of ubiquitinated (Ub) proteins. Prostaglandin J2 is highly neurotoxic and potentially contributes to many neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

Fenobucarb-d3
Fenobucarb-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Fenobucarb. Fenobucarb is a carbamate insecticide. Fenobucarb induces zebrafish developmental neurotoxicity through pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, degeneration and apoptosis[1].

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